1. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mined the desired effect – success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun – as an actor might.

　　戴著(zhù)面具身著(zhù)盛裝的人們，經(jīng)常扮演各種其他人物、動(dòng)物或超自然生靈，并且作為一個(gè)扮演者所能做的，就是期盼一個(gè)在狩獵或戰役中獲勝、降雨的來(lái)臨，陽(yáng)光的重現的結果。

　　2.But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.

　　但是這些事實(shí)不能解釋這個(gè)令人感興趣的問(wèn)題，就是為什么在一個(gè)特殊的靠近他們出生的地方如此的集中了這么多懷孕的魚(yú)龍。

　　3.A series of mechanical improvements continuing well into the nineteenth century, including the introduction of pedals to sustain tone or to soften it, the perfection of a metal frame, and steel wire of the finest quality, finally produced an instruments capable of myriad tonal effects from the most delicate harmonies to an almost orchestral fullness of sound, from a liquid, singing tone to a ship, percussive brilliance.

　　十九世紀一系列持續的機械進(jìn)步，包括踏板的傳入、金屬結構的完善和鋼絲最完美的質(zhì)量，最后產(chǎn)生了一種能容納無(wú)數音調——從最精致的和弦到一個(gè)成熟管弦的聲音或從一個(gè)清澈的歌聲到輝煌的敲擊樂(lè )的效果——的樂(lè )器。

　　4.Accustomed though we are to speaking of the films made before 1972 as “silent”, the film has never been, in the full sense of the word, silent.

　　雖然我們習慣于談到1972年以前的電影是無(wú)聲的，但用一句完全感性的話(huà)來(lái)說(shuō)，電影從來(lái)就不是沒(méi)有聲音的。

　　5.For a number of years the selection of music for each film program rested entirely in the hands of the conductor or leader of the orchestra, and very often the principal qualifications for holding such a position was not skill or taste so much as the ownership of a large personal library of musical pieces.

　　多年以來(lái)電影音樂(lè )的選擇程序完全掌握在導演和音樂(lè )督導手中，通常擁有這些權力的主要資格并非是自身的技藝和品味而更多的是因為擁有大量的個(gè)人音樂(lè )素材庫。

　　6.Rather, they were made of a top layer of woolen or glazed worsted wool fabric, consisting of smooth, compact yarn from long wool fibers, dyed dark blue, green, or brown with a bottom layer of a coarser woolen material, either natural or a shade of yellow.

　　更進(jìn)一步，他們是由一個(gè)頂層是毛紡或光滑的精紡羊毛織物制作，包含光滑，緊湊的紗線(xiàn)來(lái)自長(cháng)羊毛的纖維染成蘭黑色、綠色、或褐色底層含有粗糙天然的和暗黃色的毛紡材料。

　　7.For good measure, during the spring and summer drought, heat, hail, grasshoppers, and other frustrations might await the weary growers.

　　在春季和夏季，要精確量度干旱、熱量、冰雹、蝗蟲(chóng)和其他損失可能是一件疲勞的事情。

　　8.What we today call America folk art was, indeed, art of, by, and for ordinary, everyday “folks” who, with increasing prosperity and leisure, created a market for art of all kinds, and especially for portraits.

　　我們今天所謂的美國民間藝術(shù)，實(shí)際上是普通老百姓的藝術(shù)、被普通老百姓創(chuàng )造的藝術(shù)和為普通老百姓和日常提到的“民間人士”的藝術(shù)，是一個(gè)他們在社會(huì )日漸繁榮和休閑情況下創(chuàng )建的一個(gè)包含各種各樣尤其是肖像畫(huà)種類(lèi)的藝術(shù)的市場(chǎng)。

　　9.The people had no agriculture but, over thousands of years, had developed techniques and equipment to exploit their environment, basing their economy on fishing in streams and coastal waters that teemed with salmon, halibut, and other varieties of fish; gathering abalone, mussels, clams, and other shellfish from the rocky coastline; hunting land and sea mammals; and collecting wild plant foods.

　　他們沒(méi)有農業(yè)，但是經(jīng)過(guò)幾千年，已經(jīng)發(fā)展了探索自身環(huán)境的技術(shù)和設備。他們是基于大量出現鮭魚(yú)、大比目魚(yú)和其他多種魚(yú)類(lèi)的自身流域和水岸捕魚(yú)的經(jīng)濟;基于從落基山水岸聚集了鮑魚(yú)、蚌類(lèi)、蛤和其他貝殼動(dòng)物的經(jīng)濟;基于捕獵地域和海洋哺乳動(dòng)物的經(jīng)濟;以及基于收集野生植物的食物的經(jīng)濟。