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2017年英語(yǔ)四級翻譯考前練習素材
唐朝是中國歷史上一個(gè)重要的朝代,也是公認的中國最強盛的時(shí)代之一。下面有小編整理的關(guān)于唐朝的英語(yǔ)四級翻譯材料,歡迎大家閱讀!
唐朝
唐朝是中國歷史上一個(gè)重要的朝代,也是公認的中國最強盛的時(shí)代之一。618年由李淵建立,都城為長(cháng)安。唐朝早期和中期的統治開(kāi)明、經(jīng)濟繁榮、社會(huì )安定。它在政治、經(jīng)濟、文化、外交等方面都取得了很高的成就,是當時(shí)的世界強國之一。唐朝樂(lè )于接納各個(gè)民族與宗教,與其他民族進(jìn)行交流融合,吸收它們獨特的文化。唐朝與亞洲和歐洲國家均有頻繁往來(lái),很多國家的政治體制與文化等都深受唐朝的影響。
范文:
Tang Dynasty, an important dynasty in China's history, is universally acknowledged as one of the most powerful and prosperous dynasties in China. It was founded by Li Yuan in the year of 618 with its capital in Chang'an. The early and middle periods of Tang Dynasty witnessed enlightened politics, a flourishing economy and a stable society. It made great achievement in the aspects of politics, economy, culture and diplomacy etc., making it one of the world powers. Ready to embrace diverse nationalities and religions, Tang Dynasty was integrated with other nationalities, and absorbed their distinctive cultures. Tang Dynasty communicated frequently with countries in Asia and Europe, thus many countries, political system and cultures etc. were deeply influenced by Tang Dynasty.
翻譯詳解:
1.第一句由兩個(gè)分句構成,為了避免譯文累贅,翻譯時(shí)可將第二個(gè)分句作為主干,第一個(gè)分句“中國歷史上一個(gè)重要的朝代”譯作同位語(yǔ),即an important dynasty in China's history,也可翻譯為定語(yǔ)從句。
2.第三句“唐朝早期和中期的統治開(kāi)明…”,可將“唐朝早期和中期”作為主語(yǔ),增譯謂語(yǔ)witness,表示“見(jiàn)證…的發(fā)生”。在翻譯“統治開(kāi)明、經(jīng)濟繁榮、社會(huì )安定”這類(lèi)四字短語(yǔ)的時(shí)候,可以采用名詞短語(yǔ)的形式, 更加符合英語(yǔ)的表達習慣。
3.翻譯“它在政治、經(jīng)濟、文化…世界強國之一”這一句時(shí),可將“取得了很高的'成就”作為主干,“是當時(shí)的世界強國之一”則處理為現在分詞短語(yǔ)making it..作狀語(yǔ)的形式。
4.最后一句由兩個(gè)分句組成,細讀之后可以發(fā)現兩個(gè)分句有內在的因果關(guān)系,因此用thus連接;“很多國家的政治…影響”可采用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
國畫(huà)
國畫(huà)(Chinese painting)是世界上最古老的藝術(shù)傳統之一。繪畫(huà)時(shí)用毛筆蘸黑墨或彩墨在紙張或絲綢上作畫(huà)。根據表現手法,國畫(huà)可分為寫(xiě)童派(the Xieyi school)和工筆派(the Gongbi school)兩大類(lèi)。寫(xiě)意派以自 由表達和形式夸張為特點(diǎn);工筆派則注重以精細的'筆法描繪細節。山水畫(huà)被公認為國畫(huà)的最高形式?v觀(guān)歷史,不同時(shí)期的國畫(huà)都相應地反映出人們的社會(huì )意識。
參考譯文:
Chinese painting is one of the oldest artistic traditions in the world. The painting is done on paper or silk with a brush dipped in black or colored ink. According to the means of expression, Chinese paintings can be divided into two categories which are the Xieyi school and the Gongbi school. The Xieyi school is characterized by free expression and exaggerated forms, while the Gongbi school attaches importance to detail with fine brush work. Landscape painting is widely regarded as the highest form of Chinese painting. Throughout history, the Chinese paintings paintings at different times mirror people's social consciousness accordingly.
詞句點(diǎn)撥
1.第2句為無(wú)主語(yǔ)句,翻譯時(shí)可補充出主語(yǔ)0ne,譯作When painting, one uses a brush to dip it in black ink...,但這種譯法顯得較為繁冗。此處宜把時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“繪畫(huà)時(shí)”轉換成主句is done,“用毛筆蘸黑墨......”處理成方式狀語(yǔ),用介詞短語(yǔ)with a brush dipped in black...來(lái)表達,這樣句子更簡(jiǎn)潔、邏輯關(guān)系更強。
2.在第3句中,“可分為幾大類(lèi)”可譯為短語(yǔ)be divided into...categories;“寫(xiě)意派和工筆派”則可用定語(yǔ)從 句which are...來(lái)表達。
3.第4句含有對比的并列結構,可用表對比的連詞while來(lái)連接。該句中的“注重……描繪細節”譯成attach importance to detail即可達意,省譯“描繪”;“以精細的筆法”是方式狀語(yǔ),可用介詞短語(yǔ)with fine brush work來(lái)表達,置于句末。
4.在最后一句中,定語(yǔ)“不同時(shí)期的”較長(cháng),可將其處理成后置定語(yǔ),表達為at different times/periods。
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