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物流配送客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)干擾管理研究
Study on Disruption Management for Customer Time Window Changes in Logistics
【中文摘要】 在物流配送過(guò)程中經(jīng)常發(fā)生的對正常物流配送產(chǎn)生干擾和不良影響事件中,有一類(lèi)干擾是來(lái)自于顧客方面的不確定性,表現
為顧客取消需求,新的顧客提出服務(wù)請求,顧客突然提出了提前或延后交貨、變動(dòng)交貨地點(diǎn)或者改變了需求量等。該干擾事件的出現不僅改
變了該顧客的配送計劃,還將對后續的顧客點(diǎn)產(chǎn)生連鎖影響,即該路徑上的所有剩余任務(wù)都將受到該干擾事件的影響。對此,企業(yè)必須快速
響應顧客需求改變,迅速制定出對應的調整方案,并希望在盡量降低對整個(gè)系統的擾動(dòng)的前提下,使產(chǎn)生的費用增加最小。干擾管理作為一
種實(shí)時(shí)處理干擾事件的方法論,主要針對經(jīng)常性干擾事件的處理和管理。本文正是基于干擾管理這一新理念,針對客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)問(wèn)題擾動(dòng)
恢復模型及其算法進(jìn)行了研究。本文的主要工作如下:(1)在對客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)干擾辨識的基礎上,對擾動(dòng)進(jìn)行了度量分析,考慮在途運力與
資源,給出了車(chē)輛調度的擾動(dòng)恢復策略及擾動(dòng)度量方法。(2)根據本文所提出的擾動(dòng)度量方法及擾動(dòng)恢復策略,根據物流企業(yè)的實(shí)際情況,限
定車(chē)場(chǎng)內的車(chē)輛數目,采用混合時(shí)間窗,從設定虛擬單車(chē)場(chǎng)與虛擬多車(chē)場(chǎng)兩個(gè)角度,分別構建了客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)擾動(dòng)恢復模型,這是本文研究
的核心。(3)根據模型的特點(diǎn)與干擾管理思想,改進(jìn)了基于客戶(hù)的編碼表示方法,構造了相應的遺傳算法;并設計了一種新的約束處理方法。
(4)設計了測試實(shí)驗,對本文提出的擾動(dòng)恢復模型及算法的有效性進(jìn)行了驗證。本文給出了客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)的擾動(dòng)恢復策略,可以指導設計
VRPTW其他擾動(dòng)恢復策略;通過(guò)設定虛擬單車(chē)場(chǎng)或虛擬多車(chē)場(chǎng),將干擾發(fā)生在途車(chē)輛的起點(diǎn)復位到車(chē)場(chǎng),使VRPTW求解算法同樣可以用于處理
擾動(dòng)恢復模型;對客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)對系統造成的干擾進(jìn)行了度量,為VRPTW其他擾動(dòng)度量提供了指導;設計了一種新的約束處理方法,避免了
懲罰策略中選取懲罰因子的困難,使得約束處理問(wèn)題簡(jiǎn)單化。
【英文摘要】 On the background that frequent disruptions occur in the logistics,there is a kind of disruption,which is
caused by the request changes of customers,such as,new requests by the new customers,requests cancelling,service in
advance/lingeringly,and demand changes,and when they occur,not only the customers disrupted are not serviced according
to the plan,but also the customers in succession to them are affected.In practice,the adjustment plan must be made
quickly to tackle request changes of customers,minimizing increased cost under the premise of the least disruption on
the original plan.As a methodology of handling disruptions in real time,disruption management chiefly settles such kind
of incidents that happens frequently.Based on the concept of disruption management,the recovery model and its algorithm
for customer time window disruption are constructed.The main researches in this paper are as follows:(1)Based on
identifying the customer time window disruption,the deviation measurement is analyzed,and the recovery strategy for the
customer time window disruption is proposed.(2)On the basis of the methods of deviation measurement and recovery
strategy,the recovery model for customer time window disruption is constructed respectively,from setting the single
dummy depot and the multiple dummy depots.This is the core of the paper.(3)According to the characteristic of the model
and the disruption management,the chromosome code based on customer is ameliorated,the genetic algorithm is given,and a
new handling constraint method based on genetic algorithm is designed.(4)The testing experiment is designed,to validate
the recovery model and its algorithm for customer time window disruption.The recovery strategy for the customer time
window disruption is given,to guide to design the other recovery strategy for the VRPTW disruption;By setting the single
dummy depot or the multiple dummy depots,the transition that the jump-offs of vehicles on the way are reposited to the
depot is proposed,making the algorithm for the VRPTW solve the disruption recovery model as before;the customer time
window disruption is analyzed,to help measure the other deviation for VRPTW;A new handling constraint method based on
genetic algorithm is designed,avoiding the difficulty of selecting the penalty factor in penalty strategy and makes the
handling constrain simplify.
【中文關(guān)鍵詞】 客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng); 車(chē)輛路徑問(wèn)題; 干擾管理; 擾動(dòng)恢復; 遺傳算法
【英文關(guān)鍵詞】 Customer Time Window Disruption; Vehicle Routing Problem; Disruption Management; Disruption and Recovery;
Genetic Algorithm
【畢業(yè)論文目錄】
摘要 4-5
Abstract 5-6
1.緒論 9-16
1.1 問(wèn)題的提出 9-10
1.2 國內外同類(lèi)研究綜述 10-15
1.2.1 干擾管理的國內外研究進(jìn)展 10-12
1.2.2 車(chē)輛路徑問(wèn)題的干擾處理方法研究 12-14
1.2.3 客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)問(wèn)題的研究現狀 14-15
1.3 本文的主要工作和結構 15-16
2 客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)擾動(dòng)恢復模型 16-37
2.1 原始問(wèn)題描述及其數學(xué)模型 17-18
2.1.1 原始問(wèn)題描述 17
2.1.2 原始問(wèn)題的數學(xué)模型 17-18
2.2 客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)的擾動(dòng)恢復前提與假設 18
2.3 客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)干擾辨識 18-20
2.4 客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)的擾動(dòng)恢復策略 20-21
2.5 虛擬單車(chē)場(chǎng)的客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)擾動(dòng)恢復模型 21-29
2.5.1 干擾發(fā)生在途車(chē)輛的起點(diǎn)復位到虛擬單車(chē)場(chǎng)的轉化方法 21-24
2.5.2 擾動(dòng)度量分析 24-26
2.5.3 虛擬單車(chē)場(chǎng)的客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)擾動(dòng)恢復模型 26-28
2.5.4 擾動(dòng)恢復模型與原始問(wèn)題的歸一化處理 28-29
2.6 虛擬多車(chē)場(chǎng)的客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)擾動(dòng)恢復模型 29-36
2.6.1 干擾發(fā)生在途車(chē)輛的起點(diǎn)復位到虛擬多車(chē)場(chǎng)的轉化方法 29-30
2.6.2 擾動(dòng)度量分析 30-33
2.6.3 虛擬多車(chē)場(chǎng)的客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)擾動(dòng)恢復模型 33-35
2.6.4 擾動(dòng)恢復模型與原始問(wèn)題的歸一化處理 35-36
2.7 本章小結 36-37
3 算法 37-47
3.1 擾動(dòng)恢復策略實(shí)施 37-39
3.1.1 虛擬單車(chē)場(chǎng)的客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)擾動(dòng)恢復策略實(shí)施 37-39
3.1.2 虛擬多車(chē)場(chǎng)的客戶(hù)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)擾動(dòng)恢復策略實(shí)施 39
3.2 遺傳算法 39-46
3.2.1 遺傳算法的基本步驟 40-41
3.2.2 染色體表示 41-43
3.2.3 違反約束的處理及適應度函數的確定 43-44
3.2.4 遺傳操作 44-45
3.2.5 種群初始化 45-46
3.3 本章小結 46-47
4 模型與算法驗證 47-51
4.1 數值實(shí)驗及結果分析 47-48
4.2 各顧客點(diǎn)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)情況 48
4.3 各配送點(diǎn)時(shí)間窗變動(dòng)后重新調度的結果 48
4.4 車(chē)輛調度干擾管理優(yōu)化結果 48-50
4.5 結果分析 50-51
結論 51-52
參考文獻 52-56
附錄A 部分程序源代碼 56-71
攻讀碩士學(xué)位期間發(fā)表學(xué)術(shù)論文情況 71-72
致謝 72-73
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