國家-作文1500字
衛生B填寫(xiě)代碼23
第1題到第5題選：BABDB
第6題到第10題選：DAACC
第11題到第15題選：ADDDA
第16題到第20題選：BBCAA
第21題到第25題選：BBADF
第26題到第30題選：BCFAD
第31題到第35題選：CDBAC
第36題到第40題選：BCACB
第49題到第45題選：ADBAD
第46題到第50題選：FDCAE
第51題到第55題選：ADCCA
第56題到第60題選：DADAD
第16題到第65題選：ACBBD
據網(wǎng)友提供信息，2015年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)考試衛生B完補全短文來(lái)自于衛生教材概括大意與完成句子第八篇 Lung Cancer。各位考友可以參考教材原文，比對答案。
Lung Cancer
1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has increased more than800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25years. It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in ruraldistricts. There are many possible causes, but it is still controversial whichare most blameworthy. Those factors which have been mentioned most frequentlyare the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air (smokeparticles, smog, exhaust fumes), and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.
2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation betweenthe death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits. Among heavy smokers — 21 to 30 cigarettes per day — the mortality rate from lungcancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers. It is expected the deathrate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among womenhas its effect.
3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered at the time an x-rayis taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis. Too often, however, acurrent emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation1 fromX-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thusprevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer. Early detection is absolutelyessential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained2. ModernX-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger, at least to thoseover 40 years of age, that this would be much more than offset by theadvantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completelyremoved.3
4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma4，so-called because the malignancyoriginates in5 a bronchus. The tumor may grow until the bronchus isblocked, cutting off6 the supply of air to that lung. The lung thencollapses, and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infected, witha resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess. Such a lung cancercan also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes7 ofthe chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body. Theonly treatment that offers a possibility of cure, before secondary growths havehad time to form, is to remove the lung completely. This operation is calledpneumonectomy.
5 Malignant tumors of the stomach, the breast, the prostate gland8and other organs may spread to the lungs, causing secondary growths.
據網(wǎng)友提供信息，2015年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)考試衛生B完形填空來(lái)自于衛生教材閱讀理解第17篇 Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System aBoost。各位考友可以參考教材原文，比對答案。
以下為衛生類(lèi)教材原文：
Eating Potatoes Gives Your Immune System a Boost
Eating potatoes is not only good for bowel health, but also for the whole immune system, especially when they come in the form of a potato salad or eaten cold. In a study on an animal model, researchers in Spain found that pigs fed large quantities of raw potato starch (RPS)1 not only had a healthier bowel, but also decreased levels of white blood cells, such as leucocytes and lymphocytes in their blood. White blood cells are produced as a result of inflammation or disease, generally when the body is challenged.
The general down-regulation of leucocytes observed by the Spanish researchers suggests an overall beneficial effect, a generally more healthy body.2 The reduction in leukocyte levels was about 15 percent. Lower lymphocyte levels are also indicative of reduced levels of inflammation, but the observed reduction in both lymphocyte density and lymphocyte apoptosis is surprising.
In what was the longest study of its kind, pigs were fed RPS over 14 weeks to find out the effect of starch on bowel health. “The use of raw potato starch in this experiment is designed to simulate the effects of a diet high in resistant starch," said study leader Jose Francisco Perez at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona3, Spain.
Humans do not eat raw potatoes, but they do eat a lot of foods that contain resistant starch, such as cold boiled potatoes, legumes, grains, green bananas, pasta and cereals. About 10 percent of the starch eaten by human is resistant starch - starch that is not digested in the small intestine and so is shunted into the large intestine where it ferments. Starch consumption is thought to reduce the risk of large bowel cancer and may also have an effect on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)4.
Immunology expert Lena Oman’s team previously found that the overall lymphocyte levels do not vary for IBS patients, but that lymphocytes are transferred from the peripheral blood to the gut, which support the hypothesis of IBS being at least partially all inflammatory disorder. She says the decrease in lymphocytes observed by the Spanish is therefore interesting, and a diet of resistant starch may be worth trying in IBS patients. Oman is currently at the Department of Internal Medicine, Goteborg University, Sweden5. The study is published in the Journal Chemistry and Industry, the magazine of the SCI6.
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