態(tài)度題較為抽象，需要考生在通讀全文之后深刻理解作者所要表達的真正情感。因此態(tài)度題是考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解中的一大難點(diǎn)。下面我們就來(lái)一起學(xué)習態(tài)度題的正確解法。

　　考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題主要考查的是考生對作者的意圖、觀(guān)點(diǎn)或態(tài)度的理解和把握。這種題型要求考生把握作者寫(xiě)作某篇文章的目的，明白作者對文章所論述的觀(guān)點(diǎn)和中心所持的態(tài)度�？佳杏⒄Z(yǔ)試卷對這一部分的考查主要表現為情感態(tài)度題。該題型常問(wèn)作者對某事是什么態(tài)度：主觀(guān)(subjective)還是客觀(guān)(objective);肯定(positive)還是否定(negative);贊成(approval)還是反對(opposition)等等。

　　這 種題目對考生而言難度較大，迷惑性也較強，因為命題專(zhuān)家是針對整篇文章設問(wèn)，考生很難找到具體對應的語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)，所以要把握整篇文章。例如作者在談一件事時(shí)是 用反諷的口氣，還是贊成的語(yǔ)氣，此類(lèi)題所給的答案選項一般是四個(gè)形容詞，考生應在審題時(shí)就把握好這四個(gè)形容詞所表達的意思，然后返回文章去尋找信息。特別 提醒考生要牢記所遇到的構成作者態(tài)度題選項的每一個(gè)形容詞。做文章作者態(tài)度題時(shí)，千萬(wàn)不要把考生自己的態(tài)度揉進(jìn)文章中，同時(shí)要注意區分作者本人的態(tài)度與作 者引用的觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度。

　　理解作者的意圖、觀(guān)點(diǎn)和態(tài)度是近幾年考試的熱點(diǎn)題目，考生在做此類(lèi)題時(shí)要把握這樣的判斷原則：既縱觀(guān)全文，掌握主題思想有要注意文章的措辭，把握文章的基調或主旨(tenor)，又要分清文章的話(huà)語(yǔ)范圍(field)及話(huà)語(yǔ)方式(mode)。解題的關(guān)鍵是要看作者在文中用了什么樣的口氣。若用褒義詞，顯然是贊成。若用貶義詞，顯然是反對。若是客觀(guān)陳述，則是中性的立場(chǎng)，不偏不倚。注意：作者態(tài)度常常在轉折詞后表明出來(lái)，因此but一詞至關(guān)重要(還有類(lèi)似的yet, however, although, nevertheless等)。

　　該題型常見(jiàn)的提問(wèn)形式有：

　　1) The tone of the passage can best be described as ____

　　2) The tone of the passage would be _____

　　3) Which of the following best describes the tone of the passage____

　　4) What is the attitude of the author towards____

　　5) How does the writer feel about______

　　6) The writer is of the opinion that_____

　　7) The author seems to be _____

　　情感和態(tài)度在考研中大致可分為三類(lèi)：happy/ unhappy; security/insecurity; satisfaction

　　dissatisfaction,它們作為標記語(yǔ)反映出作者對某個(gè)現象采取的姿態(tài)，并從情感的角度評價(jià)該現象。因此，考生既要依靠文章的中心思想作為前提，又要注意作者的措辭，尤其是作為修飾語(yǔ)的形容詞。我們以2003年的閱讀Text 4為例具體說(shuō)明這一點(diǎn)：

　　Yet there are limits to what a society can spend in this pursuit. As a physician, I know the most costly and dramatic measures may be ineffective and painful. I also know that people inJapanandSweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have. As a nation, we may be overfunding the quest for unlikely cures while underfunding research on humbler therapies that could improve people’s lives.

　　59. In contras to theU.S.,JapanandSwedenare funding their medical care.

　　[A] more flexibly

　　[B] more extravagantly

　　[C] more cautiously

　　[D] more reasonably

　　作者用limits, ineffective, painful這些消極的詞語(yǔ)暗示了美國醫療衛生系統的缺憾，通過(guò)把握這些詞語(yǔ)，我們就能得出D為正確選項。所以我們對語(yǔ)言的理解是有一定差異的，又如尼克松簽訂1972年公報時(shí)，對“一個(gè)中國”原則，他手下的修辭專(zhuān)家用了acknowledge而不用recognize。因為后者是正式的，外交的，打心底里的承認，而前者是一種模糊，對某種既成事實(shí)的有限度接受，但在中文里出現的就是我們理解的“承認”。

　　可見(jiàn)考生在平時(shí)的單詞理解中要結合不同的語(yǔ)境，不同的文章體裁，綜合地認知寓意，才能透徹地理解作者的意圖。

　　另外，判斷作者情感態(tài)度除了關(guān)注作者的措辭，還要可以通過(guò)關(guān)注作者的舉例角度和講解角度，來(lái)判斷文章作者的態(tài)度傾向：如果作者的一直論述某事物的積極地向上 的方面，其態(tài)度基本上是積極樂(lè )觀(guān)的;如果作者舉例論證某觀(guān)點(diǎn)時(shí)，給的例子是正面的，那么我們同樣可以判斷作者的態(tài)度是積極樂(lè )觀(guān)的;如果作者的論述有好有壞，舉例有正面有反面，我基本上可以判斷作者的態(tài)度是客觀(guān)的。同樣，我們通過(guò)具體的真題案例進(jìn)一步解釋這一點(diǎn)。

　　再例1997年第54題:

　　It was 3:45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates,Australia’s Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group’s on-line service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: “We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn’t just something that happened inAustralia. It’s world history.”

　　The full import may take a while to sink in.The NT Rights of the Terminally III law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right to life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. InAustralia-- where an aging population, life extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part -- other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In theUSandCanada, where the right to die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.