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托福語(yǔ)法詞匯經(jīng)典試題解析
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1. Groups of muscles in the head direct the actions necessary for _____.
(A) chew and swallow
(B) to chew and to swallow
(C) being chewed and swallowing
(D) chewing and swallowing
答案：D
測試點(diǎn)：介詞賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞。
分析：介詞for要求后接名詞性成份，故選動(dòng)名詞(D)。
2. In the Osage tribe of Oklahoma, beaded belts _____ who held a high social status.
(A) only by women were fashioned
(B) by women were fashioned only
(C) were fashioned only by women
(D) were by women fashioned only
答案：C
測試點(diǎn)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。
分析：空格前為句子主語(yǔ)，所缺為謂語(yǔ)部分�？崭窈鬄閣ho引導的定語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明從句前緊接名詞。正確答案(C)既有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，其中的名詞women又可作who引導的定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞。
3. _____ commonly chosen as the first step to a career in public office.
(A) Why legal training is
(B) Legal training is
(C) Legal training that is
(D) It is legal training
答案：B
測試點(diǎn)：主謂結構。
分析：空格后只有謂語(yǔ)的一部分(過(guò)去分詞chosen)，所缺為主語(yǔ)、助動(dòng)詞。應在答案中選擇主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞的形式，即(B)。
4. In 1852 _____ one hundred piano-makers in New York alone.
(A) were
(B) had been
(C) there were
(D) being that there
答案：C
測試點(diǎn)：there be結構。
分析：句中既無(wú)主語(yǔ)，亦無(wú)謂語(yǔ)。應在答案(選擇主謂結構或there+be結構，即(C)
5. Mammals have a larger, more well-developed brain _____ other animals.
(A) than do
(B) that are having
(C) which have
(D) that do
答案：A
測試點(diǎn)：比較句式。
分析：關(guān)鍵詞是比較級的larger和more，說(shuō)明后面應當有被比較的部分。應在答案中選擇含有than…的形式，即(A)。
6. Astronomy developed from the observation _____ through regular cycles of motion.
(A) going to heavenly bodies
(B) the heavenly bodies going
(C) heavenly bodies that go
(D) that the heavenly bodies go
答案：D
測試點(diǎn)：同位語(yǔ)從句。
分析：正確答案(D)that引導同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明前面的中心詞observation的內容。
7. _____ the arctic regions receive little sunlight, the air there is too cold to hold much moisture.
(A) Because
(B) The reason that
(C) Therefore
(D) In consequence of
答案：A
測試點(diǎn)：從句連接詞。
分析：逗號后為主句，逗號前則為狀語(yǔ)從句。從句缺連接詞，選(A)Because引導原因狀語(yǔ)從句。(B)后接定語(yǔ)/同位語(yǔ)從句：(C)為副詞：(D)為介詞短語(yǔ)。
8. The wood of the holly tree, close-grained and very hard, _____ for musical instruments, furniture, and interior design.
(A) is used
(B) uses
(C) used
(D) is using
答案：A
測試點(diǎn)：謂語(yǔ)。
分析：此句缺謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。主語(yǔ)是wood，根據句意。此動(dòng)詞應為被動(dòng)的概念。故選擇(A)。
解題要點(diǎn)：動(dòng)詞use及beused+介詞短語(yǔ)/不完式都是TOEFL�？碱}型。
9. Many English _____ were opposed to the American Revolution of 1776 moved to Canada, where they were known as United Empire Loyalists.
(A) settling there
(B) they settled
(C) who were settlers
(D) settlers who
答案：D
測試點(diǎn)：主語(yǔ)/從句連接詞。
分析：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為moved，而句子缺主語(yǔ)，且主語(yǔ)后接從句是有謂語(yǔ)而缺主語(yǔ)及連接詞。應在答案中選擇名詞+從句連接詞的形式，即(D)。
10. The working conditions of railroad employees were _____ hazardous in the early days that private insurance companies refused to insure the works.
(A) so
(B) very
(C) quite
(D) much
答案：A
測試點(diǎn)：so… that結構。
分析：關(guān)鍵詞是后文的that,說(shuō)明前面應當有so，故選(A)。
11. Elisha G. Otis invented a safety device designed to stop the fall of an elevator _____ supporting cable should break.
(A) that which the
(B) if its
(C) might the
(D) were its
答案：B
測試點(diǎn)：虛擬語(yǔ)氣。
分析：關(guān)鍵詞是should，說(shuō)明這是非真實(shí)條件句。應在答案中選擇if…的形式。即(B)。
12. In areas away from the poles, the size of glaciers decreases in summer because the rising temperatures cause the lower parts _____.
(A) melt
(B) are melting
(C) melted
(D) to melt
答案：D
測試點(diǎn)：習語(yǔ)。
分析：cause sth./sb. to do…是固定短語(yǔ)。應在答案中選擇不定式，即(D)。
13. The final step in manufacturing cloth is ironing it between heavy rollers, _____ calendering.
(A) which process called
(B) process is being called
(C) is calling that process
(D) a process called
答案：D
測試點(diǎn)：省略句。
分析：逗號前句子完整，選名詞(A)短語(yǔ)(A)作補語(yǔ)，相當于省略了which is的定語(yǔ)從句。which代指前文提到的一個(gè)制衣程序：ironing it between heavy rollers。
14. The science of horticulture, _____ the primary concerns are maximum yield and superior quality, utilizes information derived from other sciences.
(A) and which
(B) in which
(C) which is
(D) which
答案：B
測試點(diǎn)：介詞+which從句連接詞。
分析：空格后的從句主謂語(yǔ)俱全，所缺連接詞并不兼作從句主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)，應是作狀語(yǔ)或與介詞構成短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。應在答案中選擇副詞或介詞+代詞的形式。答案中無(wú)副詞，而(B)為介詞+which，故選(B)。
解題要點(diǎn)：當空格后的從句主、謂、賓俱全時(shí)，選擇連接詞時(shí)應首先考慮介詞+which詞的形式。
15. While holding no official or elected position, _____ as a statesman of great wisdom and acumen.
(A) the respect of Booker T. Washington
(B) Booker T. Washington being respected
(C) Booker T. Washington was respected by many
(D) Many people respected Booker T. Washington
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