英語(yǔ)四級考試CET翻譯密訓題及答案
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part 1
四合院(the quadrangle )是中國的一種傳統合院式住宅。一個(gè)標準的四合院通常由一個(gè)庭院及其四周獨立的房屋構成。不同方位的房屋有著(zhù)不同的名稱(chēng)。坐北對著(zhù)庭院入口處的稱(chēng)為正房(main house)，東西兩邊的稱(chēng)為廂房(side house)，坐南朝北的稱(chēng)為倒座房(reversely-set house)。長(cháng)輩或一家之主住正房，晚輩住廂房。倒座房可以用作廚房、儲物間、客廳或書(shū)房。四合院如今已經(jīng)成為觀(guān)光景點(diǎn)，并為世界各地的游客所熟知。
翻譯范文：
The quadrangle is a traditional courtyard residence in China. A standard quadrangle usually consists of a courtyard with independent houses along its four sides. Houses in different directions have their own names. The house on the north facing the courtyard’s entrance is called the main house; the house which lies on the east or west is called the side house; and the one stands on the south is called reversely-set house. The older generation or the head of the household lives in the main house, while the younger generation lives in the side houses. The reversely-set house can be used as a kitchen, a storeroom, a sitting-room or a study. The quadrangle has now become a tourist attraction and is well-known to tourists from all over the world.
1.合院式住宅:譯為courtyard residence即可，其中residence意為“住宅， 民居”。
2.坐北對著(zhù)…東西兩邊…坐南朝北:這個(gè)句子含有三個(gè)并列分句，且結構基本一致，所以可以用三個(gè)相同結構的連續的分句來(lái)表達。為了避免表達單調，三個(gè)分句可選擇不同的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，使譯文既有一致性又富有變化。
3.觀(guān)光景點(diǎn):可譯為a tourist attraction 或a sightseeing spot。
4.世界各地的:英語(yǔ)中可把定語(yǔ)前置或者后置，所以此修飾語(yǔ)可譯成all over the world或worldwide.
part 2
請將下面這段話(huà)翻譯成英文：
中國的印章篆刻(seal carving)始于古代，貫穿于整個(gè)秦朝。篆刻的印帝最初是作為皇帝的玉璽(imperial seal)來(lái)使用的�；始业挠≌卤环Q(chēng)為璽(Xi)并且只能由皇室成員使用。秦朝之后，更多不同種類(lèi)的印章出現了。它們作為個(gè)性化的印戳用于私人用途。這些非官方定制的印戳被稱(chēng)為印(Yin)。在唐朝，由于迷信(superstition),印章的名稱(chēng)被改稱(chēng)為寶，理由是璽的發(fā)音與另一個(gè)表示“死亡”意思的漢字類(lèi)似。
參考翻譯:
Chinese seal carving first appeared in ancient times and was used throughout the Qin Dynasty. It was initially employed as an imperial seal named Xi. These imperial seal carvings were used only by the royalty. Following this dynasty, more different kinds of seals appeared and were used by private folks as personalized stamps. These non-official stamps were called Yin. During the Tang Dynasty, the seals was renamed Bao as a result of superstition since the pronunciation of Xi is similar to that of another Chinese charactcr which means death.
1.篆刻的印幸最初是作為皇帝的玉璽(imperial seal)來(lái)使用的:該句可譯為被動(dòng)句，謂語(yǔ)是"最初是作為…使用”，其中“使用”可用employ來(lái)表示，屬于正式用語(yǔ)，故可翻譯為was initially employed as。
2.由于迷信，印章的名稱(chēng)被改稱(chēng)為寶:“由于”可譯為becauseof或as a rcsult of, 這兩個(gè)短語(yǔ)后面都接名句或動(dòng)名詞。
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