英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作：公交車(chē)調度方案

　　摘要

　　本文要求在照顧乘客和公交公司雙方利益的前提下，給出1個(gè)合理的調度方案。此文以乘客的滿(mǎn)意率、公交公司的滿(mǎn)載率和所需車(chē)輛數目為目標函數，求它們的加權和的最大值。由于雙方的利益是矛盾的，如何找到1個(gè)令雙方都能接受的解是問(wèn)題的關(guān)鍵。因此要找出與雙方利益均密切相關(guān)的因素——發(fā)車(chē)間隔，通過(guò)對發(fā)車(chē)間隔的尋優(yōu)，來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。 在尋找發(fā)車(chē)間隔的過(guò)程中，針對各個(gè)時(shí)間段內始發(fā)站上車(chē)人數的不同將發(fā)車(chē)間隔按早晚高峰期、低谷期、中間期，分成4個(gè)時(shí)期，采用搜索算法進(jìn)行求解。 結果為早高峰期發(fā)車(chē)間隔為2分鐘、中間期為7分鐘、晚高峰期為2分鐘、低谷期為10分鐘，上行方向和下行方向的對應時(shí)期發(fā)車(chē)間隔相等；根據發(fā)車(chē)間隔，得到兩個(gè)始發(fā)站的發(fā)車(chē)時(shí)刻表；計算出所需的最多車(chē)輛數目為51輛,總車(chē)次為575次，乘客滿(mǎn)意率為95%，滿(mǎn)載率為59.03%；提供了1份詳盡的調度方案并對其可行性進(jìn)行了論證。

　　然后對模型進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)。方案是對原來(lái)劃分的4個(gè)時(shí)期加以細化，計算出所需的最多車(chē)輛數目為47輛；總車(chē)次為432次；乘客滿(mǎn)意率為92.24%；滿(mǎn)載率為70.49%。接著(zhù)討論了各時(shí)間段的行駛速度不同的發(fā)車(chē)方案和加開(kāi)區間車(chē)的方案。另外還進(jìn)行了參數靈敏度分析，得到了不同的時(shí)期的發(fā)車(chē)間隔變化對于模型的影響程度，其中t1的影響程度最大。

　　關(guān)鍵字：公交車(chē)調度；加權求和；峰值；搜索算法

　　Abstract

　　This paper requirements in taking care of the passengers and transit interests of both companies on the premise that given a reasonable scheduling program. Quoting a customer satisfaction rate, the bus company loaded with the required rate and the number of vehicles as the objective function, They requested the weighted and the maximum. Because the two sides are conflicting interests, how to find a mutually acceptable solution is the key to the problem. Therefore to identify with the interests of both sides are closely related factors -- frequencies, the frequencies of the optimization, to solve this problem. Find headway in the process, address the various periods sending 100101 number of different frequencies according to the peak sooner or later, the bottom view, in the middle period, divided into four periods, the search algorithm used to solve. Early results of the peak frequencies of 2 minutes, in the middle period of seven minutes, the evening peak period of two minutes, the bottom for 10 minutes, uplink and downlink direction of the direction of the corresponding period of the same frequencies; According headway, be sending two stations in question Schedules; calculate the maximum number of vehicles to 51, with a total of 575 vehicles. passenger satisfaction rate of 95%, with a rate of 59.03%; provide a detailed scheduling program and its feasibility is demonstrated.

　　Then the model improvements. Program is to the original period of four to be refined, calculate the maximum number of vehicles to 47; Total vehicle trips to 432 times; passenger satisfaction rate of 92.24%; full rate of 70.49%. Then discussed each time the speed of the program in question and processing open interval car program. It is also a parameter sensitivity analysis, a different time frequencies for model changes the extent of the impact, t1 with the greatest influence.

　　Keywords : Bus scheduling; Weighted summation; Peak; Search Algorithm

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