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過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法詳解
導語(yǔ)：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)是進(jìn)行時(shí)的一種，表過(guò)去。下面由YJBYS小編告訴大家過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法，歡迎參考!
1、概述
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
The reporter said that the UFO was travelling east to west when he saw it.那位記者說(shuō)他看見(jiàn)UFO時(shí)，它正由東向西飛行。
I don't think Jim saw me; he was just staring into space.我想吉姆沒(méi)看見(jiàn)我;他當時(shí)正在凝視天空。
2、構成
構成過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常由“助動(dòng)詞be的過(guò)去時(shí)was/were+現在分詞”構成。was not常簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)為wasn't, were not簡(jiǎn)略為weren't。
-Hey, look where you are going? 喂，看你上哪了?
-Oh, I'm terribly sorry. I wasn't noticing.噢，實(shí)在對不起，我剛才沒(méi)留神。
It was raining when we left school.我們離開(kāi)學(xué)校的時(shí)候正在下雨。
What were you doing when I phoned you last night? 昨晚我給你打電話(huà)時(shí)，你正在干什么?
3、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法
(1)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。動(dòng)作發(fā)生的特定時(shí)間常用一個(gè)短語(yǔ)或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表明。
I first met Lisa three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 我三年前第一次遇見(jiàn)麗莎時(shí)。她在一家無(wú)線(xiàn)電商店工作。
The last time I saw Jane, she was picking cotton in the fields.我最后一次見(jiàn)簡(jiǎn)，她正在地里摘棉花。
Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking.湯姆溜進(jìn)了那所房因為當時(shí)沒(méi)人注意他。
It was raining at 6 o'clock this morning.今早六點(diǎn)鐘時(shí)正在下雨。
I was drawing a horse when the teacher came in.當老師進(jìn)來(lái)時(shí)，我正在畫(huà)馬。
(2)表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。
Shirley was writing a book about China last year but I don't know whether she has finished it.舍利去年在寫(xiě)一本有關(guān)中國的書(shū)，但我不知道他是否完成。
They were building a dam last winter.去年冬天他們在建大壩。
I was living in my teacher's house when I was in middle school.上中學(xué)時(shí)，我住在老師家里。
在含有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的復合句中，延續時(shí)間較長(cháng)的動(dòng)作用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，另一個(gè)動(dòng)作用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如果表示兩個(gè)延續動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻同時(shí)進(jìn)行，而不考慮動(dòng)作的先后長(cháng)短，則主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。
My pen dropped on the ground when I was walking in the park.我在公園散步的時(shí)候，我的鋼筆掉到地上了。
When I entered the room, she was sitting at her desk.我進(jìn)屋的時(shí)候，她正坐在書(shū)桌前面。
The students were reading while the teacher was grading their homework.學(xué)生們在看書(shū)，而老師在批改他們的家庭作業(yè)。
(3)用來(lái)描寫(xiě)故事發(fā)生的背景
在口語(yǔ)或記敘代中，可以用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示的持續動(dòng)作作為背景，以此引出由一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示的新動(dòng)作。
It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A young woman suddenly appeared on the river bank.一個(gè)漆黑的夜晚，狂風(fēng)大作，大雨傾盆，一位年輕的婦女突然出現在河岸上。
Mary was making a dress when she cut her finger.瑪麗在縫衣服時(shí)，突然扎破了手。
He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.他剛要人睡，這時(shí)突然聽(tīng)到有人砸門(mén)。
(4)代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)
用于come, go ,leave, start, stay, arrive等表位置轉移的動(dòng)詞，以表示過(guò)去將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。
They wanted to know when we were leaving for Shanghai.他們想知道我們什么時(shí)候去上海。
She asked me whether he was starting the next day.她問(wèn)我他是否第二天就走。
(5)表達褒貶等感情色彩
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)也可以和always，constantly，continually，forever等連用，表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的主觀(guān)感情，如贊揚、不滿(mǎn)、厭煩等。
He was always trying out new ideas.他總是試驗一些新的設想。
He was forever complaining about something.他老是怨這怨那。
(6)wonder, hope, think，want 等表示心理的動(dòng)詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示婉轉的語(yǔ)氣
-Excuse me, sir. Would you do me a favor? --打擾了,先生。你能幫我個(gè)忙嗎?
-Of course. What is it? --當然。什么事?
-I was wondering if you could tell me how to fill out this form. --我一直在想你是否能告訴我怎樣填這張表。
-What were you wanting?你要什么?
- I was hoping you would help me with the work.我希望你能幫我做這項工作。
4、一般過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法比較
一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示在過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)(強調一次性動(dòng)作);而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(強調反復的動(dòng)作)。
Mary wrote a letter to her friend last night.瑪麗昨晚給她的朋友寫(xiě)了封信。(寫(xiě)完了)
Mary was writing a letter to her friend last night.瑪麗昨晚一直在給她的朋友寫(xiě)信。(不一定寫(xiě)完)
We built a bridge last winter.去年冬天我們修了一座橋。(建成了)
We were building a bridge last winter.去年冬于我們在修一座橋。(一直在修，不涉及結果)
As she was reading the newspaper, Granny fell asleep.奶奶讀報時(shí)睡著(zhù)了。
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