雅思聽(tīng)力關(guān)鍵詞后置解讀

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　　常見(jiàn)關(guān)鍵詞后置分四種情況，分別為：前置定語(yǔ)，后置定語(yǔ)，主謂賓與從句。

　　1.前置定語(yǔ)結構

　　前置定語(yǔ)在考題中出現的形式為“n.______”和“adj._______”,即在填空前出現名詞或形容詞的關(guān)鍵詞。在錄音中則經(jīng)常通過(guò)修辭結構和句子結構的改變，將關(guān)鍵詞后置。

　　例1：

　　Cambridge 6 Test 2 Section 3 Question 21--Read IT___________.

　　錄音：look through catalogues specialised in IT.

　　解析：通過(guò)修辭結構的改變，把名詞前置定語(yǔ)變成分詞后置定語(yǔ)，完成關(guān)鍵詞后置。

　　例2：Cambridge 5 Test 3 Section 3 Question 30--Excellent___________.

　　錄音：F:OK,any other comments?M:I thought student support was excellent.

　　解析：通過(guò)句子結構的改變，完成關(guān)鍵詞后置。

　　例3：Cambridge 6 Test 1 Section 3 Question 24--Reduced___________for students.

　　錄音：students pay an annual fee that’s much less than the general public pay.

　　解析：通過(guò)修辭結構的改變，把形容詞前置定語(yǔ)變成從句后置定語(yǔ)，完成關(guān)鍵詞后置，同時(shí)伴隨reduced的同意轉換。

　　2.后置定語(yǔ)結構

　　后置定語(yǔ)在考題中出現的形式為“n.prep.______”和“n.p._______”,即在填空前出現關(guān)鍵詞如“名詞-介詞(如of,for,about,in,on,etc.)”或“名詞-分詞”。在錄音中則經(jīng)常通過(guò)修辭結構和句子結構的改變，將名詞關(guān)鍵詞后置。

　　例1：

　　Cambridge 6 Test 4 Section 2 Question 15--Will explain about arrangement for______________and fire exits.

　　錄音：He will also go through the security arrangement with you and show you the fire exits.

　　解析：通過(guò)修辭結構的改變，把介詞短語(yǔ)后置定語(yǔ)變成名詞前置定語(yǔ)，完成關(guān)鍵詞后置。

　　例2：

　　Cambridge 6 Test 2 Section 3 Question 22--Spoken to Jane PrinceHead of the_____________.

　　錄音：F:Jane Prince,do you know her?She’s in the Computer Centre.M:Yes,of course,she is the new head.

　　解析：通過(guò)句子結構的改變，完成關(guān)鍵詞后置。

　　例3：

　　Cambridge 6 Test 1 Section 4 Question 32--New technology allowed the production of goods made of________and________

　　錄音：The technology they introduced meant that metal and leather goods were produced there for the first time.

　　解析：通過(guò)修辭結構的改變，把分詞后置定語(yǔ)變成名詞前置定語(yǔ)，完成關(guān)鍵詞后置。

　　小結：

　　1和2類(lèi)關(guān)鍵詞后置通常出現于Section2-4的大表格填空中。

　　考生須要在讀題時(shí)事先判斷易出現關(guān)鍵詞后置的題目，并且對答案進(jìn)行預測;而后在聽(tīng)題時(shí)利用預測捕捉答案，后置的關(guān)鍵詞起確認答案的作用。

　　因此在平時(shí)的學(xué)習中要熟悉聽(tīng)力題目中常見(jiàn)的容易出現關(guān)鍵詞后置的結構，培養視覺(jué)敏感度;并且熟練掌握語(yǔ)法上定語(yǔ)結構的轉換。

　　3.主謂賓結構

　　主謂賓在考題中出現的形式為“subj.pred.__________”,即在填空前出現名詞(主語(yǔ))和動(dòng)詞(謂語(yǔ))的關(guān)鍵詞。在錄音中則經(jīng)常通過(guò)主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)位置的調換，以及謂語(yǔ)主動(dòng)被動(dòng)之間的轉換，或者其它句式變化，將名詞關(guān)鍵詞后置。

　　例1：

　　Cambridge 6 Test 2 Section 2 Question 11&12--Local services depart from_____________railway station.--National services depart from_____________railway station.

　　錄音：F:We’ve got two main train stations in the town.The King Street is for local commute lines and regional services.M:What about trains to London?I’ll need to go there on business for one day.F:Then you need to go to central station,that’s for all the national services.

　　解析：Q11通過(guò)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)的位置調換，Q12通過(guò)句型轉換，完成關(guān)鍵詞后置。

　　例2：

　　Cambridge 6 Test 2 Section 2 Question 14--The price of a first class ticket includes____________.

　　錄音：There’s a buffet car,though refreshments are included in the cost of a first class ticket.

　　解析：通過(guò)主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)的位置調換，完成關(guān)鍵詞后置，伴隨price-cost的同意轉換。

　　例3：

　　Cambridge 6 Test 2 Section 4 Question 38--The first motion picture was called The__________________.

　　錄音：So now,there was a real possibility of having films of more than two or three minutes,and this lead to the making of The Great Train Robbery,the very first movie made.

　　解析：通過(guò)句型轉換，完成關(guān)鍵詞后置，伴隨motion picture-movie的同意轉換。

　　4.從句結構

　　從句在考題中出現的形式為“…….conj.________”,即在填空前出現從句連接詞(如when,where,because,as,if,etc.)。在錄音中則通過(guò)調換連接詞前后分句的次序，將填空前的關(guān)鍵詞后置。

　　例1：

　　Cambridge 5 Test 1 Section 4 Question 36&37--Research indicates that many women only think about theirfinancial future when a________occurs.--It is best for women to start thinking about pensions whenthey are in their_______.

　　錄音：The research indicates that at present for women it takes a crisisto make them think about their future financial situation.Butof course this is the very worst time for anyone to make anyimportant decisions.Women today need to look ahead,think ahead,not wait until they’re under pressure.Even women in their earlytwenties,need to think about pensions for example.

　　解析：通過(guò)調換從句中兩個(gè)分句的位置，完成關(guān)鍵詞后置。

　　例2：

　　Cambridge 6 Test 4 Section 4 Question 40--In ancient India a man would fight a lion as a test of_____________.

　　錄音：In ancient India,one of the greatest tests of leadership fora man was to fight a lion.

　　解析：通過(guò)調換從句中兩個(gè)分句的位置，完成關(guān)鍵詞后置。

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