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商務(wù)禮儀：餐桌禮儀
禮儀”是人類(lèi)在社會(huì )交往活動(dòng)中，為表達尊重、友好、得體而形成的行為規范、交往準則與儀式流程的總和，以下是小編精心整理的商務(wù)禮儀：餐桌禮儀，希望能夠幫助到大家。
商務(wù)禮儀西餐桌就餐禮儀
當然，在西方也是，只有等所有人的飯菜都齊了，才可以開(kāi)始就餐。一般情況下，當女主人也就坐、開(kāi)始就餐，即表示可以開(kāi)始進(jìn)餐了。因此，作為主人，若客人比較多的話(huà)，就需要特別注意飯菜的預熱了，免得還沒(méi)開(kāi)始吃，飯菜就都已經(jīng)涼了。
在德國，除了一些非常正規的場(chǎng)合以外，通常很多不同的飯菜都會(huì )一起上，如魚(yú)，土豆，蔬菜，以及醬汁等。但這決不意味著(zhù)，讓您把各種飯菜盛過(guò)去在您的盤(pán)子里拌著(zhù)吃。您可以把不同的飯菜盛到您的盤(pán)里，但先用刀叉把一口的肉和菜切出來(lái)，再適當的組合，并搭配醬汁食用，不要事先就拌好。
在英國或其他英語(yǔ)國家，人們經(jīng)常會(huì )在吃肉之前，把整塊肉排全部切成一小塊一小塊的，而在德國卻不同。在德國，人們通常會(huì )吃一塊切一塊，以免整塊肉都會(huì )涼掉。記住，吃肉時(shí)，叉背一般會(huì )朝上。
吃沙拉時(shí)，一般是不會(huì )用刀切的，而只是用叉子。當然，用困難的時(shí)候，還可以借助一小塊面包。
到了吃甜點(diǎn)的時(shí)候，服務(wù)員或者女主人一般會(huì )把桌子清理干凈，面包還有其他剩菜，及不使用的刀叉這時(shí)候會(huì )撤走。目的在于，在干凈、整潔的飯桌前吃完最后的甜點(diǎn)以結束用餐。
當女主人把自己的餐巾放在餐桌上并起身時(shí)，說(shuō)明用餐就此結束了。其他客人這時(shí)候也應該停止進(jìn)餐。男士們這時(shí)應該先起身，幫助身邊的女士把座椅拉開(kāi)，方便她起身離座。若您還在與身邊的人交談之中，這時(shí)也應該先打住，并與進(jìn)餐時(shí)座得較遠的客人進(jìn)行交談，同時(shí)也讓身邊的人用這個(gè)機會(huì )與他人進(jìn)行交談。
商務(wù)禮儀西餐桌禮儀禁忌
在西方文化圈，就餐時(shí)吧嗒嘴或者打嗝，以及喝東西時(shí)發(fā)出聲音都算是餐桌禁忌(在中國則不同)。另外一個(gè)眾所周知的就是，嘴里嚼著(zhù)東西時(shí)不應該與人交談。為了就餐時(shí)隨時(shí)可以順暢地與人交談，最簡(jiǎn)單的辦法，就是不要一口吃太多。其次，還需要注意的就是，盡量保持好坐姿端正，用餐具把飯菜送到嘴邊，而不要屈身、低頭覓食。
在英國以及北歐國家，就餐時(shí)左手會(huì )放在膝蓋上，而在德國，一般是雙手都放在餐桌上，但只是雙手及手腕部分。即使在休息期間，肘關(guān)節也不應該架到餐桌上。
此外，不管是在中國還是在西方，飯前都應該注意洗手。起碼要梳洗干凈、并穿戴整齊再開(kāi)始進(jìn)餐。
“十里不同風(fēng)，百里不同俗”
在西方，人們使用的餐具可謂是千奇百狀，如何正確使用，真有不少講究。
基本而言，雙手要握刀叉柄的末端，而不是像對待沉重的工具一樣緊握餐具。就餐時(shí)應盡量避免刀叉打架、與餐盤(pán)摩擦發(fā)出怪聲。暫且不用餐時(shí)，可以把刀叉相對，“八”字形搭在盤(pán)上。結束就餐時(shí)，則可把刀叉并行放在盤(pán)子中，刀刃朝內、不要對著(zhù)別人。
餐具一旦使用過(guò)，不應再放回餐桌上，免得弄張桌布。
要記住，餐具僅是用于就餐，不應挪作他用。例如，交談時(shí)揮舞刀叉是萬(wàn)萬(wàn)不可的。
Table Manners
1) As soon as the hostess picks up her napkin, pick yours up and lay it on your lap. Sometimes a roll of bread is wrapped in it; if so, take it out and put it on your side plate.
2) The Soup Course
Dinner usually begins with soup. The largest spoon at your place is the soup spoon. It will be beside your plate at the right-hand side.
3) The Fish Course
If there is a fish course, it will probably follow the soup. There may be a special fork for the fish, or it may be similar to the meat fork. Often it is smaller.
4) The Meat Course
The main Course is usually served by the host himself, especially if it is a fowl(雞禽) or a roast which need to be carved. He will often ask each guest what piece he prefers, and it is quite proper to state your preference as to lean or fat, dark(紅肉)or light(白肉).
5) Using Knife and Fork
If you have English and American friends you will notice a few differences in their customs of eating. For the main or meat curse, the English keep the fork in the left hand, point curved downward, and bring the food to the mouth either by sticking the points onto it or in the case of soft vegetables, by placing it firmly on the fork in this position with the knife. Americans carve the meat in the same position, then lay down the knife and taking the fork in the right hand with the point turned up, push it under a small piece of food without the help of the knife and bring it to the mouth right-side-up.
6) Helping Yourself and Refusing
If a servant passes food around, he will pass the dish in at your left hand so that you can conveniently serve yourself with your right hand. Never serve yourself while the dish is on your right; it is then the turn of your neighbor on the right. It is polite to take some of everything that is passed to you. But if there is something you may not like, you may quietly say: "No thank you."
7) Second Helpings
The hostess may or may not ask if you would like a second helping, according to the formality of the meal. If she does and you accept it, you should pass your plate to her or to the servant with the knife and fork still lying on it.
8) The Salad Course
A salad is eaten with a fork only held in the right hand with points turned up. There is usually a special one for the salad, a little smaller than the meat fork.
9) Bread and Butter
Bread is taken in the fingers and laid on the side plate or the edge of the large plate, it is never take with a fork. Butter is taken from the butter dish with the butter knife and placed on the side plate, not on ones bread.
10) Other Things on the Table
When there are things on the middle of the table, such as bread, butter, jelly, pickles, nits, candies, you should not take any until the hostess ahs suggested that they be passed.
11) Leaving the Table
It is impolite for a guest to leave the table during a meal, or before the hostess gives the signal at the end. When the hostess indicates that the dinner is over, she will start to rise from her seat and all the guests she rise from theirs at the same time.
12) Various rules and Suggestions
Sit up straight on your chair;
Do not put much food in your mouth at a time;
Drink only when there is no food in your mouth;
Try not to get into your mouth anything that will have to be taken out;
Do not make any noise when you eat;
Do not clean your teeth at the table or anywhere in public, either with your finger or a tooth pick(牙簽), not even with you tongue.
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