醫學(xué)科研論文格式

　　醫學(xué)論文是醫學(xué)科學(xué)研究工作的重要組成部分，下面是小編搜集整理的醫學(xué)科研論文格式，歡迎閱讀查看。

　　一、標題

　　(一)要求

　　1.簡(jiǎn)明扼要(short and concise)

　　(1)盡量控制在一行，但不是一個(gè)句子

　　(2)不超過(guò)25個(gè)單詞或120-140個(gè)字母

　　(3)除DNA、RNA、CT等不用縮寫(xiě)

　　2.信息豐富(informative)

　　3.便于索引(indexing)

　　4.較長(cháng)標題可采用副標題

　　(二)標題寫(xiě)作中常用詞組和表達方式

　　1.用…(方法/手段)對…進(jìn)行研究/分析/觀(guān)察/評價(jià)：

　　Study(analysis/observation/evaluation/assessment) of (on) … (by) using 方法/with工具)

　　2.A對B的作用

　　Effort of A on B

　　Protective effect of omeprazole onendothelin-induced gastric mucosal injury

　　3.A與B的關(guān)系

　　Correlation (relation/relationship) betweenA and B

　　Correlation of A with B and C

　　常用修飾詞：positively/negatively/significantly/insignificantly

　　4.用…治療…

　　Use of …in the treatment of …(病)in …(生物)

　　Use of omeprazole in the treatment ofgastric ulcer in the elderly

　　5.A是B Aas B

　　二、著(zhù)錄部分書(shū)寫(xiě)

　　(一)姓名

　　標準式：WANG aobang，HUANG aobang，GUO Xiao’an

　　(二) 地址

　　800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai200433, P.R.China

　　(三)資助

　　A project funded by the National “863”Program

　　三、摘要的分類(lèi)與格式

　　摘要是作者要給讀者的精華，分兩大類(lèi)：

　　(一)指示性摘要

　　(二)資料性摘要

　　1.非結構式摘要

　　缺點(diǎn)：段落不明，給編輯、審稿、閱讀和計算機處理帶來(lái)諸多不便

　　2.全結構式摘要(8要素摘要)

　　(1)目的

　　(2)設計

　　(3)地點(diǎn)

　　(4)對象

　　(5)處理

　　(6)主要測定項目

　　(7)結果

　　(8)結論

　　全結構式摘要的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

　　(1)觀(guān)點(diǎn)更明確

　　(2)信息量更大

　　(3)差錯更少

　　(4)符合計算機數據庫建立和使用的要求

　　全結構式摘要的缺點(diǎn)：煩瑣、重復、篇幅過(guò)長(cháng)

　　3.半結構式摘要(四要素摘要)

　　(1)目的(objective/purpose/aim)

　　(2)方法(methods)

　　(3)結果(results)

　　(4)結論(conclusion)

　　目的：是作者想要介紹的關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題

　　一、目的格式

　　(一)單表目的

　　(二)背景+目的

　　二、目的常用時(shí)態(tài)

　　(一)背景：現在時(shí)(一般現在時(shí)、完成時(shí)和進(jìn)行時(shí))

　　(二)目的：一般現在時(shí)/現在完成時(shí)，或一般過(guò)去時(shí)

　　舉例：

　　(1)Toevaluate the effects on 24-hour intragastric pH levels of infusions withomeprazole and H2 receptor antagonists in bleeding duodenal ulcer patients.

　　(2)Therole of omeprazole in triple therapy and the impact of Helicobacter pylori resistanceon treatment outcome are not established. This study investigated the role ofomeprazole and influence of primary H. pylori resistance on eradication anddevelopment of secondary resistance.

　　三、介紹目的常用句型

　　主要用動(dòng)詞不定式to表達

　　1.直接用to do短語(yǔ)表達

　　舉例：To determine if use ofomeprazole protects against the gastric mucosal injury

　　2.Thepurpose/aim/objective/goal(of present study is)was to

　　舉例：The aim of this study was todetermine the protective function of omeprazole on gastric mucosal injury

　　3.The present study is /was designed/devised/intended to

　　舉例：The present study wasdesigned to establish whether there might be a genetic predisposition to analtered pattern of anti-inflammatory cytokine produced in patients withirritable bowel syndrome

　　4.This study wasperformed/conducted/carried out/undertaken to

　　舉例：An experimental study wasconducted using a canine mode to elucidate …

　　5.We aimed/sought to/attemptedto

　　舉例：We sought to assess whetherthere is an increased risk of tuberculosis among individuals who work incertain industries occupations.

　　四、介紹目的常用動(dòng)詞

　　1.研究：study, investigate,examine, observe, explore

　　舉例：Our objective in this reportis to examine the clinical feature, pathology and treatment for patients withpancreatic cancer.

　　2.評價(jià)：evaluate, validate

　　舉例：To evaluate sonography as atool for initial diagnosis in emergency room patients with abdominal trauma.

　　3.確定：determine, decide, confirm,support, define, characterize

　　4.證實(shí)：prove, demonstrate, document,test, support, testify, verify

　　5.闡明、搞清：explain, elucidate,clarify, illustrate, delineate, find out, contribute to the knowledge of

　　6.介紹：describe, present, report

　　7.建立：establish, develop, set out

　　8.尋找：search for, look for, seek,find

　　9.識別、區分：identify, differentiate,discriminate

　　10.優(yōu)選：optimize

　　11.比較：compare

　　12.回顧：review

　　13.相關(guān)：correlate A with B

　　方法部分

　　(1)研究設計

　　(2)研究對象的特性

　　(3)干預或處理方法

　　(4)測定或觀(guān)察方法

　　一、 研究對象的選擇、來(lái)源及標準

　　1.納入研究：were entered into/enrolledin/selected (randomly)

　　舉例：A total of 169 patients wereincluded in the study, 83 of whom received……

　　2.排除或退出研究：were excluded fromparticipation，withdrew from the study due to/because to

　　舉例：……Patients with significantaortic valvular diseases were excluded.

　　二、 研究對象的分組

　　1.……were dividedinto/classified/grouped into

　　2.……were dividedrandomly/randomized into

　　3.…… were divided equally into

　　舉例：Patients were divided intothree groups: Group 1…… Patients (n = 539) with ahistory of duodenal ulcer and a positive H. pylori screening test result wererandomized into 4 groups. OAC group received 20 mg omeprazole, ……

　　三、 年齡

　　1.某一年齡

　　舉例：A 50-year-old patient.Patients (age 26±3 years).

　　2.在某年齡范圍內及平均年齡

　　舉例：Patients range in age from …to…, with a mean of (50 years).

　　3.在某一年齡以上或以下

　　舉例：Patients more than 50 years.Patients under/less than 50 years.

　　四、 性別、時(shí)間

　　1.性別

　　twelve patients (7 male and 5 female )

　　The male-to-female ratio was 1:4

　　2.時(shí)間

　　Body weight was measured weekly, and liverbiopsy was obtained at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. ……

　　五、 診斷與治療

　　1.診斷

　　be diagnosed as having …

　　be diagnosed as …by …/with …®be suspectedas …

　　2.治療

　　be treated with…(alone or in combinationwith …)

　　be treated on outpatient/inpatient basis

　　舉例：

　　(1)Patients(n = 539) with a history of duodenal ulcer and a positive H. pylori screeningtest result were randomized into 4groups. OAC group received 20 mg omeprazole,…

　　(2)50patients with active bleeding duodenal ulcer were randomly assigned to receiveone of the four treatment regimens. …

　　結果部分

　　1.是文章結論的根據

　　2.應記錄真實(shí)的科研數據

　　3.除指示性說(shuō)明外，一般用過(guò)去時(shí)表示

　　常用句型

　　1.結果表明：The results showed /demonstrated / revealed / documented / indicated/suggested…that…®It was found that…

　　舉例：The results showed that highthigh cuff Doppler technique was 79 percent sensitive, 56 percent specific and63 percent accurate.

　　2.與…有關(guān)：A was related /correlated /associated with B. There was a relationship /correlation between Aand B. There was a relation of A with B and C

　　舉例：Insulin sensitivity indexwas negatively with blood velocity (r=0.530, P<0.05), body mass index(r=o.563, P<0.01) and baseline insulinemia (r=0.489, P<0.05)

　　3.增加或減少

　　(1)表示數值增加的動(dòng)詞：increase, rise, elevate

　　(2)表示數值增加的名詞：increase, increment, elevation

　　(3)表示數值減少的動(dòng)詞：decrease, reduce, fall, drop, decline, lower

　　(4)表示數值減少的名詞：decrease, decrement, reduction, fall, drop, decline, lowering

　　(5)從…增加到…，平均增加…：increase from …to …,with a mean/average (increase) of …

　　(6)從…增加到…，總的增加…：increase from …to …,with an overall increase of …

　　(7)增加了10%：increase by (10%)

　　4.倍數比較

　　(1)增加或減少3倍：increase by 3 fold (times). a 3-foldincrease

　　(2)A 是 B的3倍：A is 3 fold(times) as…as B. A is 3 fold (times) B

　　5.結果的統計學(xué)意義

　　(1)明顯不同(significant difference)

　　(2)很明顯不同(very/highly significant difference)

　　(3)區別不明顯( insignificant difference)

　　(4)無(wú)區別(nonsignificant difference/no difference)

　　6.統計學(xué)意義常用句型

　　(1)Therewas/is significant difference in…between A and B

　　(2)Thedifference in …between A and B was/is significant

　　(3)Awas/is significant difference from B in …

　　(4)Nosignificant difference was found / observed / noted in …between A and B

　　“in” 表示區分的性質(zhì)或內容

　　舉例：

　�、賂here were no significantdifference between treatment groups in symptoms and lung function (P>0.05).

　�、赟ignificant difference werenot noted in the level of HDL cholesterol, and LDL peak particle diameterbefore and after treatment.

　　結論部分：是作者發(fā)表觀(guān)點(diǎn)和見(jiàn)解，給讀者的精髓部分

　　1.歸納性說(shuō)明研究結果或發(fā)現

　　2.結論性說(shuō)明結果的可能原因、機理或意義

　　3.前瞻性說(shuō)明未解決的問(wèn)題

　　一、結論部分時(shí)態(tài)

　　1.過(guò)去時(shí)

　　(1)涉及本研究的內容

　　(2)涉及他人研究過(guò)程的內容

　　(3)作者認為只適用于本研究環(huán)境和條件的結論

　　2.現在時(shí)

　　(1)指示性說(shuō)明

　　(2)普遍接受的思想、理論或結論

　　(3)作者認為本研究結論具有普遍意義

　　(4)前瞻性說(shuō)明

　　舉例：Our findings indicate thathepatitis C is a progressive disease [指示性說(shuō)明-現在時(shí)]，but only a few died during the average20.4 years after the initiation of injection drug use [本試驗過(guò)程中發(fā)生的事-過(guò)去時(shí)]. Antiviral treatment to eradicate thevirus and halt the progression of diseases is indicated in this group ofpatients [作者認為具有普遍意義的結論-現在時(shí)].

　　二、 結論部分常用句型

　　1.結果提示…：These results suggestthat…

　　舉例：These data confirm thepresence of at least two major HCV genotypes in Nigeria.

　　2.結果支持或反對某種觀(guān)點(diǎn)：These resultssupport the idea that…;These results fail to supportthe idea that…

　　舉例：These results do not supportthe idea that treatment to lower cholesterol concentration cause mooddisturbance.

　　3.表示觀(guān)點(diǎn)的確定或不確定性：There is noevidence that…;It is likely/unlikely that …

　　舉例：There is no evidence thatNIDDM produce any change in bone metabolism or mass.

　　4.具有…意義：Be of great(some/little/no) clinical significance in…to …

　　舉例：The detection of p53 gene isof great clinical significance in tumor diagnosis.

　　5.前瞻性說(shuō)明：…remain to be furtherstudied;It is remains to be proved that …

　　舉例：However, the relation ofinsulin resistance to hypertension remains to be further studied.

　　6.插入語(yǔ)：This is the first case ofpancreas divisum.

　　舉例：This is the first case, toour knowledge, of pancreas divisum.

　　小結

　　中文是關(guān)鍵

　　符合英語(yǔ)習慣

　　不用簡(jiǎn)單句

　　注意詞語(yǔ)的用法

　　注意時(shí)態(tài)

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